Article
Orthodontics
Orthodontics is a specialty of dentistry that is concerned
with the study and treatment of malocclusions (improper bites), which may be a
result of tooth irregularity, disproportionate jaw relationships, or both. The
word comes from the Greek words ‘ortho’ meaning straight and ‘odontos’
meaning tooth.
Orthodontic treatment can focus on dental displacement, or deal with the
control and modification of facial growth. In the latter case, it is better
defined as "dentofacial orthopedics". Orthodontic treatment can be
carried out for purely aesthetic reasons—improving the general appearance of
patients' teeth and face for cosmetic reasons—but treatment is often prescribed
for practical reasons, to provide the patient with a functionally improved bite.
When the main aim
of the treatment is dental displacement, a fixed multi bracket therapy is used.
In this instance, orthodontic wires are inserted into dental braces, which can
be made from stainless steel or a more esthetic ceramic material.
Although treatment plans are customized
for each patient, most wear their braces from one to three years; depending on
what conditions need correcting. This is followed by a period of wearing a
“retainer” that holds teeth in their new positions. Although a little
discomfort is expected during treatment, today’s braces are more comfortable
than ever before. Newer materials apply a constant, gentle force to move teeth
and usually require fewer adjustments.
Good oral hygiene is especially
important when braces are present. Brushing regularly, as directed by the
dentist, flossing daily and scheduling dental visits can help keep teeth
healthy.
Patients with braces should maintain a balanced diet
and limit between-meal snacks. Your dentist may recommend avoiding certain
foods that could interfere with braces or accidentally bend the wires. These
foods may include nuts, popcorn, hard candy, ice and sticky foods like chewing
gum, caramel or other chewy candy.